Tally Prime मधील Ledger Group आणि Sub-Group यांची सविस्तर माहिती (मराठीत मार्गदर्शक)
Tally Prime मध्ये आपण जेव्हा नवीन Ledger (लेजर) तयार करतो, तेव्हा “Under Group” निवडणे खूप महत्त्वाचे असते. Ledger कोणत्या Group खाली आहे, यावर त्याचा थेट परिणाम Balance Sheet, Profit & Loss Account आणि इतर Report वर होतो. चुकीचा Group निवडल्यास Final Accounts चुकीचे दिसू शकतात.
म्हणूनच आता आपण Ledger Groups आणि Sub-Groups यांची माहिती सोप्या मराठी भाषेत पाहूया.
📑 अनुक्रमणिका (Table of Contents)
- Capital Account (भांडवल खाते)
- Loans (कर्ज खाते)
- Current Liabilities (सध्याची देणी)
- Current Assets (सध्याची मालमत्ता)
- Fixed Assets (स्थिर मालमत्ता)
- Investments (गुंतवणूक)
- Purchase Accounts (खरेदी खाती)
- Sales Accounts (विक्री खाती)
- Duties & Taxes (कर खाते)
- Direct Expenses (थेट खर्च)
- Indirect Expenses (अप्रत्यक्ष खर्च)
- Direct Incomes (थेट उत्पन्न)
- Indirect Incomes (अप्रत्यक्ष उत्पन्न)
- Suspense A/c (तात्पुरते खाते)
- महत्वाचा निष्कर्ष
1) Capital Account (भांडवल खाते)
👉 व्यवसायात मालकाने गुंतवलेले भांडवल किंवा मालकाने काढलेले पैसे.
- Capital A/c (भांडवल)
- Drawings A/c (मालकाने काढलेले पैसे)
- Reserves & Surplus
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Liabilities बाजूस.
2) Loans (कर्ज खाते)
👉 व्यवसायाने घेतलेले कर्ज.
- Secured Loans (उदा. Bank Loan)
- Unsecured Loans (उदा. Partner Loan)
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Liabilities बाजूस.
3) Current Liabilities (सध्याची देणी)
👉 अल्पकालीन जबाबदाऱ्या किंवा देणी.
- Sundry Creditors
- Outstanding Expenses
- Duties & Taxes
- Provisions
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Liabilities बाजूस.
4) Current Assets (सध्याची मालमत्ता)
👉 व्यवसायाकडे असलेली अल्पकालीन मालमत्ता.
- Cash-in-hand
- Sundry Debtors
- Stock-in-hand
- Prepaid Expenses
- Accrued Income
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Assets बाजूस.
5) Fixed Assets (स्थिर मालमत्ता)
👉 दीर्घकाळ वापरण्यासाठी घेतलेली मालमत्ता.
- Land & Building
- Furniture & Fittings
- Computer, Printer, CCTV
- Vehicles
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Assets बाजूस.
6) Investments (गुंतवणूक)
- Government Securities
- Shares Investment
- Fixed Deposit (FD)
- Mutual Funds
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Assets बाजूस.
7) Purchase Accounts (खरेदी खाती)
- Purchase – Local
- Purchase – Interstate
- Purchase – Import
📌 परिणाम → Trading A/c (Debit बाजू).
8) Sales Accounts (विक्री खाती)
- Sales – Local
- Sales – Interstate
- Sales – Export
📌 परिणाम → Trading A/c (Credit बाजू).
9) Duties & Taxes (कर खाते)
- GST Output Tax
- GST Input Tax
- TDS Payable
- VAT / Service Tax
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये Current Liabilities.
10) Direct Expenses (थेट खर्च)
- Wages
- Power & Fuel
- Carriage Inwards
📌 परिणाम → Trading A/c (Debit बाजू).
11) Indirect Expenses (अप्रत्यक्ष खर्च)
- Salary
- Rent
- Electricity Bill
- Printing & Stationery
- Office Expenses
📌 परिणाम → Profit & Loss A/c (Debit बाजू).
12) Direct Incomes (थेट उत्पन्न)
- Job Work Charges
- Export Incentive
📌 परिणाम → Trading A/c (Credit बाजू).
13) Indirect Incomes (अप्रत्यक्ष उत्पन्न)
- Commission Received
- Discount Received
- Rent Received
- Dividend Received
📌 परिणाम → Profit & Loss A/c (Credit बाजू).
14) Suspense A/c (तात्पुरते खाते)
👉 ज्या व्यवहाराचा Group ठरत नाही तो Ledger इथे ठेवला जातो.
📌 परिणाम → Balance Sheet मध्ये.
✨ महत्वाचा निष्कर्ष
- Bank Ledger → Bank Accounts
- Cash Ledger → Cash-in-hand
- Furniture Ledger → Fixed Assets
- GST Ledger → Duties & Taxes
- Rajesh Traders (Customer) → Sundry Debtors
- Mehta Suppliers (Vendor) → Sundry Creditors
योग्य Group दिल्यास Final Accounts आणि Reports अचूक येतात.
| 🌟 Group (गट) | 📂 Sub-Group (उपगट) | 📝 उदाहरणे (Examples) | 📌 परिणाम (Effect in Accounts) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 💼 Capital Account | Capital A/c, Drawings, Reserves | 🏦 Capital A/c, 🧾 Drawings A/c, 📊 Reserves & Surplus | Balance Sheet → Liabilities |
| 🏦 Loans (Liabilities) | Secured Loan, Unsecured Loan | 💰 Bank Loan, 🤝 Partner Loan | Balance Sheet → Liabilities |
| 📉 Current Liabilities | Sundry Creditors, Outstanding Exp., Duties & Taxes, Provisions | 👨💼 Mahesh Suppliers, 🏠 Rent Outstanding, 💵 GST Payable | Balance Sheet → Liabilities |
| 💰 Current Assets | Cash-in-hand, Bank A/c, Sundry Debtors, Stock-in-hand, Prepaid Exp. | 💵 Cash A/c, 🏦 HDFC Bank, 👤 Rajesh Traders, 📦 Prepaid Rent | Balance Sheet → Assets |
| 🏢 Fixed Assets | Land & Building, Furniture, Computer, Vehicle | 🏠 Office Building, 🪑 Furniture, 💻 Computers, 🚗 Company Car | Balance Sheet → Assets |
| 📈 Investments | Shares, FD, Mutual Funds | 📊 SBI FD, 🏦 LIC Investment | Balance Sheet → Assets |
| 🏬 Branch / Divisions | प्रत्येक शाखेचे खाते | 🏙️ Pune Branch, 🌆 Mumbai Branch | Balance Sheet |
| 🛒 Purchase Accounts | Local Purchase, Interstate Purchase, Import | 🏠 Purchase Local A/c, 🌍 Import Purchase | Trading A/c → Debit |
| 🛍️ Sales Accounts | Local Sales, Interstate Sales, Export | 🏠 Sales Local, 🌍 Export Sales | Trading A/c → Credit |
| 🧾 Duties & Taxes | GST Input, GST Output, TDS, VAT | 💵 GST Input Tax, 🏦 TDS Payable | Balance Sheet → Current Liabilities |
| ⚙️ Direct Expenses | Wages, Power, Carriage Inwards | 👷♂️ Wages A/c, 🔌 Fuel Charges | Trading A/c → Debit |
| 🏠 Indirect Expenses | Salary, Rent, Electricity, Office Exp. | 👨💼 Salary, 🏢 Rent, 💡 Electricity Bill, 📄 Printing | Profit & Loss A/c → Debit |
| 💹 Direct Incomes | Job Work, Export Incentives | 🛠️ Job Work Income, 🌍 Export Incentive | Trading A/c → Credit |
| 💵 Indirect Incomes | Commission, Discount, Rent, Dividend | 💰 Commission Received, 🏠 Rent Income, 📈 Dividend | Profit & Loss A/c → Credit |
| ❓ Suspense A/c | तात्पुरते खाते | 🗂️ Suspense Ledger | Balance Sheet |
